In general, people obtain their food energy from carbohydrates (about
60%), lesser amounts come from
fat (about 20%) and protein (about 15%), derived mainly from fish.
Cereal grains provide about 70% of the food energy consumed
by humans. The most widely used cereals are rice, wheat, and corn; these
are followed by millets, sorghum, oats and barley. Almost every human society
regards one of these foods as its principle staple.

Legumes such as lentils, peas, beans and peanuts also from
an important part of the diet. These legumes are nutritionally important
because most of them contain considerably more protein than most cereal
or root crops do.
The ration of amino acids found in legume protein also often
complements the ratio present in the staple food. The combination of a cereal
grain and a legume in the traditional diets of many different cultural groups
is therefore sound nutritional practice.
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Carbohydrate content of cereals ranges from 60% to 80%
Lipid content 2% to 7%
Barley: 8% to 21%
Corn: 8% to 17%
Rye 8% to 10%
Wheat 8% to 22%
The extent and method of processing drastically alter the
relation between the vitamin, mineral, and lipid value.
Most grains are commercially milled to separate the floury
endosperms from the bran and germ oil, which can cause rancidity if not
used shortly after milling. The germ is highly nutritious however, and may
be added to food products after being dried and rolled.
Flour is used in various types of baked and cereal products,
in pasta products, and in gravies.
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| Aggression and Delinquency |
Whole grain foods and vegetables should be eaten. TO PREVIOUS |
| Alzheimer's Disease |
Soya beans fight alzheimer's disease. They are rich in the coenzyme
Q10 as well as being a source of fibre, protein and carbohydrates. TO PREVIOUS |
| Arthritis |
Eat plenty of wholegrain cereals, soybeans and tofu because a healthy
diet boosts the immune system and provides sufferers with extra energy to
fight the disorder. TO PREVIOUS |
| Asthma |
Foods rich in vitamin B such as pulses can be beneficial. TO PREVIOUS |
| Bad Breath |
Wholegrain cereals and water should be consumed to avoid constipation, which
can lead to bad breath. TO
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| Bowel Cancer |
Bran may reduce risk of bowel cancer. The more fibre contained in the
diet, the lower the incidence of bowel cancer.
Rice bran may also reduce the risk of bowel cancer. TO PREVIOUS |
| Cancer |
High fibre foods are vital for protection against cancer of the colon,
rectum, prostate, uterus and breast.
Soya beans and products can protect against cancer, particularly breast
cancer due to plant hormones called phytoestrogens.
Pulses (beans, peas, etc) contain insoluble and soluble fibre and promotes
regular bowel movements which can help and lessen the risk of cancers of
the colon and rectum. TO PREVIOUS |
| Circulation Problems |
Eat plenty of wholegrain cereals, bread and pasta, because a healthy diet
can significantly reduce the risk of circulation problems. TO PREVIOUS |
| Cirrhosis |
Eat complex carbohydrates such as brown rice, wholegrain bread and pasta.
A sensible high carbohydrate diet can at least help to prevent further deterioration. TO PREVIOUS |
| Coeliac Disorder |
Sufferers should consume pulses, rice, corn and nuts, and they should use
maize, cornflower, rice flour and soya flour instead of gluten products. TO PREVIOUS |
| Constipation |
Bran can help prevent constipation, piles and diverticulitis.
Pulses contain insoluble and soluble fibre and help guard against constipation.
Wholegrain cereals and bread provide insoluble fibre and help constipation. TO PREVIOUS |
| Depression |
Eat wholegrains, peas, lentils and other types of pulse. They supply B vitamins,
iron, potassium, magnesium, copper and zinc which assist depression sufferers. TO PREVIOUS |
| Diabetes |
Pulses have a good source of protein and fibre, they help control blood
sugar levels and can be useful to diabetics.
Rice helps steady blood sugar levels.
Starchy, high fibre foods such as wholegrain bread, brown rice, cereals,
beans, peas and lentils. TO
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| Diverticulitis |
Wholemeal bread, porridge and brown rice are high in fibre which help people
with diverticulitis, constipation and hemorrhoids. TO PREVIOUS |
| Epilepsy |
Epilepsy sufferers should eat pulses such as peas and beans, wholemeal flour,
millet, wheat grem and lentils to supply zinc, magnesium and vitamin B.Rice
and wholemeal bread provide manganese. All these products have been found
to help to prevent convulsions in some people. TO PREVIOUS |
| Gallstones |
A high intake of soluble fibre, which can help to reduce blood cholesterol
therefore helps prevent the development of gallstones. Oat bran and pulses
are a good source of soluble fibre. TO
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| Infertility |
Foods rich in manganese (oats, wheat germ, rye bread and peas) promote
the action of oestrogen, and vitamin B's (wholegrains such as brown rice,
wheat germ, pulses oats and green vegetables), which is also involved in
oestrogen metabolism.
Soya beans and wholemeal bread will provide magnesium. TO PREVIOUS |
| Joint Problems |
Scientific evidence suggests that diets that are low in selenium can cause
joint problems. Wholegrains, shellfish, cereals and eggs provide good amounts
of selenium. TO PREVIOUS |
| Leukemia |
B vitamins found in wheat germ, wholegrains, brown rice and pulses can help
supply energy needed. TO PREVIOUS |
| Liver Disorders |
Wholegrain cereals and green vegetables will provide foliate which are depleted
in the course of liver disease. TO
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| Myalgic Encephalomyelitis |
Eat plenty of wholegrains and pasta for complex carbohydrates, and wholegrain
cereals and pulses for B vitamins. TO
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| Multiple Sclerosis |
Patients can benefit from wholegrains for energy, and can get polyunsaturated
fats from corn and soya oils. TO
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| Muscular Dystrophy |
Essential fibre can be provided from foods such as wholemeal bread, brown
rice and vegetables. Fibre encourages regular bowel habits which relieves
constipation associated with the disease. TO
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| Thyroid Disorders |
An adequate intake of B vitamins, found in wholegrains and pulses, is essential
for the metabolism of the extra carbohydrates and protein. TO PREVIOUS |
| Varicose Veins |
Fibre rich foods such as wholemeal bread, brown rice, bran, fresh fruit
and vegetables which prevent constipation, appear to reduce the risk of
varicose veins. TO PREVIOUS |
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